EXPRESSING CERTAINTY

EXPRESSING CERTAINTY

Certainty (kepastian) is the state of being completely confident or having no doubt about something.However, uncertainty (ketidakpastian) is when nothing is ever decided or sure. (Kepastian adalah keadaan yang benar-benar percaya diri atau tidak memiliki keraguan tentang sesuatu. Namun, ketidakpastian adalah ketika tidak ada yang pernah memutuskan atau yakin)

Expressing Certainty

When you are sure that something will or will not happen in the future, use these expressions, you may respond as follows:

(Bila Anda yakin bahwa sesuatu akan atau tidak akan terjadi di masa depan, menggunakan ekspresi, Anda dapat menanggapi sebagai berikut)

Yes,	I am (absolutely / quite)	sure certain possitive	(he will)
	definitely. certainly. of course.

or

-         It’s confirmed

-         No doubt

-         One hundred percent sure.

 Here is an example of the use of the expressions in the conversation.

Tamrin       :  Hey, don’t you know that we have a school bus now?

Firman       : Are you certain?

Tamrin       : Yes, of course. The headmaster himself told me.

Expressing Uncertainty / Doubt

When you are not sure whether something will or will not happen, use the following expressions.

(Bila Anda tidak yakin apakah sesuatu akan atau tidak akan terjadi, gunakan ekspresi berikut)

No,	I’m	absolutely sure quite sure certain positive	(he won't.)
	definitely not. certainly not. of course not.

or

Well,	it's possible it might be it might not be it could happen	I suppose,	I wouldn't like to say for certain. I'm not sure I doubt it. I have my own doubts. It's doubtful. It's highly / very unlikely.
	it’s impossible. you never know of course. no one can know for certain. I can't tell you for sure. I don’t know yet.

Example:

Mini      :  I heard, our classroom will be renovated in the next view days.

Nur        : Are you sure?

Mini      : Well, I can’t tell you for sure. I think we should ask our teacher.

Responding to Expressions of Uncertainty/Doubt

When your friend tells you his/her doubt, you can use the following expressions for the responses. Repeat after your teacher!

-          Don’t worry.

-          Take it easy.

-          Don’t take things so seriously.

-          There’s no need to be doubted.

-          Doubt isn’t going to do anything.

-          Just feel sure of yourself.

-          You don’t need to be doubtful.

 

Example Dialogue :

Jalal     :  What do you think we should give Arni as her birthday present?

Rusli    : A doll, I think

Jalal     : Are you sure?

Rusli    : Yes, certainly. As far as I know, she likes doll.

Jalal     : Well, it is possible I suppose, but I doubt it.

Rusli    : So, what do you think?

Jalal     : Why don’t we buy her a wristwatch?

Rusli    : I don’t think so. It’s too expensive.

Jalal     : You are right, but we can collect the money.

Rusli    : Still, I doubt it. I’m broke now. I don’t think I can get enough money within this week.

Jalal     : Well, doubt isn’t going to do anything. I can lend you the money if you want.

Rusli    : Really?

Jalal     : Certainly.

Rusli    : Thank you very much.

Jalal     : Don’t mention it.

BERGAINING

BERGAINING

Bargaining or haggling is a type of negotiation in which the buyer and seller of a good or service dispute the price which will be paid and the exact nature of the transaction that will take place, and eventually come to an agreement (tawar menawar adalah jenis negosiasi dimana pembeli dan penjual barang atau jasa dengan harga yang akan dibayarkan dan akhirnya mencapai kesepakatan)

Example Dialogue :

Rifky               : We should buy cheaper goldfish because our money is not much

Obet                : Sure, that’s why we have to round to get the cheaper price

Rifky               : But I’m tired..we have rounded the whole part of this market but the price of all goldfish is almost the same

Obet                : Look at there…! There’s a goldfish Fishmonger that we have not been there yet

Rifky               : Ok, come on

Obet                : What the price of this goldfish in a kilo?

Fishmonger     : It’s 27.000 rupiahs a kilo

Rifky               : That’s too expensive,  may I bargain? (first)

Fishmonger     : How much can you pay, boys?

Obet                : What about 20.000 rupiahs a kilo?

Fishmonger     : Sorry I can’t. it’s a local goldfish, taken from ponds around this area

Rifky               : Give me a break…you must decrease the price. You said that we may bargain.

Fishmonger     : I'll make a special price for you, boys. 25.000 rupiahs a kilo. What about that?

Obet                : I don’t think so, give me 22.000 rupiahs a kilo and we’ll take 3 kilos

Fishmonger     : I’m loss..I have no profit if I sell with that price. Just for you boys I give you 22.500 rupiahs per kilo but you have to buy 4 kilos. Do you agree?

Rifky               : Give us for second please. 

RIFKY WISPERING OBET

Rifky               : It’s cheaper among all the goldfish Fishmonger that we have visited. Should we take it?

Obet                : Yes I know…ok we just take it

Rifky               : Ok, we’ll take 4 kilos for 22.500 rupiahs (finally)

Fishmonger     : That’s a wise buyer…here’s the fish boy. I hope you feel satisfied.

Rif and Obet   : Thank you

NOUN CLAUSE

NOUN CLAUSE

Noun clause adalah klausa yang berfungsi sebagai nomina. Karena fungsinya sebagai nomina, maka noun clause dapat menduduki posisi-posisi berikut:

1.    Subjek kalimat (subject of a sentence)
2.    Objek verba transitif (object of a transitive verb)
3.    Objek preposisi (object of a preposition)
4.    Pelengkap (complement)
5.    Pemberi keterangan tambahan (noun in apposition)

•    Noun Clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai noun (kata benda).
•    Klausa kata benda ini dapat berfungsi sebagai subject maupun object didalam suatu clause atau phrase lain.
•    Karena berfungsi sebagai kata benda, maka dapat digantikan dengan pronoun “it“.

Example :
    I forgot the fact. (noun)
    I forgot it. (pronoun)
    I forgot that the fact was very important. (noun clause)

1.    Noun clause sebagai subjek kalimat
Example :
What you said doesn’t convince me at all.
How he becomes so rich makes people curious.
What the salesman has said is untrue.
That the world is round is a fact.

2.    Noun clause sebagai objek verba transitif

Example :

I know what you mean.
I don’t understand what he is talking about.
He said that his son would study in Australia.

Verba yang dapat diikuti noun clause dalam hal ini that-clause antara lain adalah:

admit : mengakui
realize : menyadari
announce : mengumumkan
recommend : menganjurkan
believe : percaya
remember : ingat
deny : menyangkal
reveal : menyatakan, mengungkapkan
expect : mengharapkan
say : mengatakan
find : menemukan
see : melihat
forget : lupa
stipulate : menetapkan
hear : mendengar
suggest : menganjurkan
inform : memberitahukan
suppose : mengira
know : tahu, mengetahui
think : pikir, berpendapat
promise : berjanji
understand : mengerti
propose : mengusulkan
wish : ingin, berharap

3.    Noun clause sebagai objek preposisi

Example :

Please listen to what your teacher is saying.
Budi pays full attention to how the native speaker is pronouncing the English
word.
Be careful of what you’re doing.

4.    Noun clause sebagai pelegkap

Example :

The good news is that the culprit has been put into the jail.
This is what I want.
That is what you need.

5.    Noun clause sebagai noun in apposition

Example :

The idea that people can live without oxygen is unreasonable.
The fact that Rudi always comes late doesn’t surprise me.